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В “Охматдиті” виходили передчасно народженого хлопчика із некрозом фаланг пальців

6 Червня, 2023 Новини Comments (615)

Хлопчик Данило із двійні, народився на 29 тижні вагітності з надзвичайно малою масою тіла (всього 740 грамів) в одному із пологових Львова. До нашої клініки немовля переведено із двобічною пневмонією, тяжким ураженням шлунково-кишкового тракту, ішемією лівої верхньої кінцівки та некрозом фаланг пальців.

“Спочатку маля, навіть, не рухало рукою. Стан був дуже важкий за рахунок основного захворювання. Ситуацію погіршувала наявність ішемії кінцівки та некроз дистальних фаланг пальців лівої руки. Даний стан загрожував порушенням функції кінцівки та навіть втратою пальчиків. Дитина отримувала необхідне лікування і воно принесло свій результат. Памʼятаю той день, коли при огляді Данилко стиснув мій палець. В такі моменти ти розумієш, що наша праця не даремна. Весь час ми дуже вболівали аби ручка хлопчика відновилася. Врешті-решт, вдалося зберегти руку та, навіть, пальчики, та що є основним – функцію кінцівки», – емоційно розповіла завідувач відділення анестезіології та інтенсивної терапії новонароджених Галина Заремба.

“Постійно проводили консиліуми, усе було під контролем хірургів, гематологів. Обійшлося без оперативного втручання. Вдалося вилікувати маля медикаментозно. Він у нас перебував півтори місяці”, – додала лікар, дитячий анестезіолог відділення анестезіології та інтенсивної терапії новонароджених Анжеліка Патько.

Бажаємо малятку міцного здоровʼя!

615 thoughts on “В “Охматдиті” виходили передчасно народженого хлопчика із некрозом фаланг пальців”

  1. PPD Test: Procedure, Results, And Accuracy In Tuberculosis
    Screening

    Procedure

    The PPD (Purified Protein Derivative) test is administered by
    intradermal injection of 0.1 mL of a suspension containing 5 tuberculin units (TU).
    The skin at the injection site may become hard, raised, or erythematous within 2–4 hours.
    Results are read 48–72 hours later.

    Results

    A positive PPD reaction indicates exposure to Mycobacterium
    tuberculosis antigens. A negative result suggests no current active infection but does not rule
    out past exposure or latent TB infection. Positive results should be confirmed with
    additional diagnostic testing.

    Accuracy

    The PPD test has high specificity and sensitivity for detecting active TB in most populations.
    Sensitivity is approximately 90-98%, while specificity is about 97-99%.
    However, accuracy can vary based on population characteristics and
    the prevalence of TB.

    Conclusion

    The PPD test is a cost-effective and reliable tool for initial TB
    screening in high-risk individuals. It helps identify individuals who require further diagnostic evaluation for active or latent TB infection.

    # PPD Test: Procedure, Results, and Accuracy in Tuberculosis Screening

    ## Introduction
    The Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) test is a widely used tool in the fight against tuberculosis (TB).
    It’s non-invasive, cost-effective, and has been a cornerstone in global TB control
    efforts. This article delves into the procedure, results, accuracy, and significance of the PPD test in identifying TB infections.

    ## What Is a Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test?
    The PPD test, also known as the tuberculin skin test, involves injecting a small amount of purified protein derivative from tuberculosis bacteria into the surface of the
    skin. Over 48 to 72 hours, the immune system’s reaction to this injection is measured to determine if TB exposure has occurred.

    ## Why Is a PPD Test Important?
    The PPD test is crucial for identifying individuals
    who have been exposed to TB bacteria. It’s particularly valuable in detecting latent TB infections (LTBI), which can progress to active disease over time.
    Early detection through the PPD test allows for preventive measures, such as medication, to be implemented, significantly reducing the
    risk of TB transmission and disease progression.

    ## What Does a PPD Test Diagnose?
    The PPD test is used to diagnose several forms of TB:
    – **Active Tuberculosis (TB):** A positive result indicates active infection.
    – **Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI):** A positive result suggests exposure without active disease.

    – **Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis:** Includes conditions like military, pleuritis,
    and miliary tuberculosis.
    – **Tuberculosis Meningitis:** Inflammation of the brain caused by
    TB bacteria.
    – **Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis:** Identifies resistance to standard TB treatments.

    – **HIV-Associated Tuberculosis:** A combination of HIV and TB infection.
    – **Occupational Tuberculosis:** TB acquired through work-related exposure.

    – **Pediatric Tuberculosis:** TB in children, which is
    particularly concerning due to their lower immune response.

    ## PPD Test: A Vital Tool for Tuberculosis Screening
    The procedure involves three main stages: before the test, during
    the test, and after the test.

    ### Before the Test
    – The skin on the inside of the forearm is cleaned with
    alcohol and abraded to ensure the injection site is clear.

    – The healthcare provider administers the PPD
    solution just beneath the skin’s surface.

    ### During the Test
    – The injected area becomes slightly red or Swelling within a few minutes.
    This is a normal reaction to the injection and not indicative of
    TB exposure.

    ### After the Test
    – The healthcare provider returns 48 to 72 hours later to read the
    test results. They may press lightly on the injected area to check for induration (hardening) and measure its size.

    ## Understanding PPD Test Results
    A positive result indicates that the individual’s immune system has reacted to the
    PPD, suggesting exposure to TB bacteria.
    A negative result means no reaction was observed, implying no exposure or a lack of immune response.

    ### Negative Result
    – No induration or other abnormal reactions are noted.
    This suggests either no TB exposure or a false-negative result, though the latter is rare under proper testing conditions.

    ### Positive Result
    – Significant induration with a raised area indicates a strong
    immune response to TB proteins, likely indicating latent or active TB
    infection.

    ## Discussing Results with Your Provider
    Positive results require further evaluation, such as chest X-rays and possibly a TB culture
    test, to confirm the diagnosis of active TB.
    A negative result means continued monitoring for symptoms
    of TB disease over time.

    ## Limitations and Risks of the PPD Test
    While the PPD test is highly effective,
    it has some limitations:
    – **False Positives:** Can occur in individuals with other conditions causing similar immune
    responses, such as those who have received the BCG vaccine for TB
    prevention or those with certain chronic diseases.

    – **False Negatives:** Rare but possible if the testing is not performed correctly or if the individual has a weakened immune system.

    – **Localized Reactions:** The injection site may become red, itchy, or swollen, which can be uncomfortable but usually resolves quickly.

    ## Conclusion
    The PPD test is a vital tool in TB screening and control efforts,
    enabling early detection of infections that can prevent progression to active disease.
    While it has limitations, its widespread use ensures better health outcomes for individuals and communities.
    Regular screening, especially for high-risk groups,
    remains crucial in the ongoing battle against tuberculosis.

    ## Screen for TB Today
    Don’t delay getting tested if you suspect TB exposure or have risk factors like living with HIV or
    working in environments with high TB transmission.
    Early detection can save lives and reduce the spread of this preventable disease.

    ## Contact Us
    For more information about the PPD test, prevention strategies, or testing locations near you, contact your healthcare provider or local public health office.
    Together, we can combat tuberculosis and promote global health.

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  2. Made for the elite athlete and the strong-willed our products were designed to gasoline your athletic efficiency. 20–40 mg/day for 4–6 weeksBlocks estrogen receptors and supports HPTA perform in the course of the restoration part. If on an applicable Oxandrolone dose, you’ll be able to keep a reasonable testosterone level, then good, however many usually are not, which implies this concept and protocol is counterproductive. It’s when a steroid person goes to make use of something other than the “kick-starting” steroid in their cycle as the primary steroid or the backbone of it. If you would possibly be experiencing unwanted aspect effects that you’re involved with, you must talk to your physician as quickly as attainable.
    Anavar is considered one of the few compounds I can confidently say is appropriate for beginners, intermediate, and superior customers. Females love this one; actually, Anavar is probably the most suited steroid a feminine could take, and I’ve seen numerous numbers of girls get a sleek look whereas utilizing it. A descriptive research of antagonistic events from clenbuterol misuse and abuse for weight loss and bodybuilding. (2) Schimrigk, Häusler, G., Blümel, P., Plöchl, E., Waldhör, T., & Frisch, H. Dr. O’Connor has over 20 years of experience treating men and women with a historical past of anabolic steroid, SARM, and PED use. He has been a board-certified MD since 2005 and supplies steerage on hurt discount methodologies.
    When looking on the direct features and traits of Anavar, the most important revolve round its capacity to extend nitrogen retention in the muscle, decrease SHBG and inhibit glucocorticoid hormones. The increase in nitrogen retention will promote the anabolic atmosphere as lowered levels often lead to a catabolic state. The decrease in SHBG will yield a higher stage of free testosterone in the body, not solely providing more of an anabolic punch however selling a free or unbound state of all circulating anabolic steroids. As for the inhibition of glucocorticoid hormones, these are muscle losing hormones; cortisol being probably the most well-known. Such hormones promote fats gain, in addition to destroy lean muscle tissue. Anavar is also well-known for promoting will increase in red blood cell rely, which can enhance muscular endurance. Some studies have even shown this steroid has the ability to advertise enhanced cardiovascular endurance.
    Girls utilizing Anavar are often suggested to take decrease doses to minimize the danger of those side effects. Dbol can only be run for short cycles should you don’t wish to stuff up your liver massively. Anavar will nonetheless affect liver enzymes, however not to the extent that Dbol and different harsh orals do. Anavar can additionally be a compound that can be utilized by females at lower doses with a much lower chance of virilization effects compared with other steroids. There is a typical notion that ladies do not require post-cycle therapy.
    However, should you do go down this route don’t purchase from companies with poorly designed websites or ones which don’t record their tackle, as you would get scammed. Individuals also promote Anavar on the black market, which is where most individuals get it from. Anavar’s results of serving to you sculpt a lean, hard physique can be extra subtle. In an 8-week cycle, you’ll find a way to anticipate to see noticeable optimistic adjustments throughout the first one to 2 weeks, and of course, the better your exercise and diet program, the higher and sooner results you will see. This can present issues of safety, so you need to only contemplate a supplier with a stable status for delivering a prime quality product.
    Damage to the liver can occur in doses from as little as 15mg per day and above. Operating longer cycles exposes the liver to extra injury over a chronic time frame. Anavar can have an effect on cholesterol levels by lowering HDL or ‘good cholesterol’ and increasing LDL ‘bad cholesterol’. This shift, over time, may end up in the hardening of the artery walls and higher ranges of fats in the bloodstream leading to strokes, or coronary heart attacks if left unchecked and untreated. One of the interesting issues about var is that it isn’t aromatized by the body. Users mustn’t have to worry about estrogenic unwanted facet effects together with, water retention, gynecomastia or an increase in fatty deposits. Aspect effects of var can are available in numerous methods, nevertheless, you will need to note when taking oral steroids they will affect the liver rather more than injectable steroids.
    Anavar can suppress pure testosterone manufacturing however only barely because it has a light effect on SHBG and LH and no effect on FSH. Anavar is a non aromatized steroid which means estrogenic side-effects inconceivable. Nonetheless,anavar has a DHT nature which might produce zits, hair loss, and prostate enlargement. Oxandrolone is a c-17alpha alkylated anabolic steroid this refers to a structural change of the hormone on the seventeenth carbon place.
    Peliosis Hepatis is a situation in which blood-filled cysts current in the liver and typically the spleen because of Anavar utilization. The cysts can grow and accumulate inside the liver, changing normal hepatocytes that can result in liver failure and dysfunction. Withdrawal of the medicine can halt cyst progress and cyst regression. Hepatic dysfunction has been shown to occur in males who have taken Anavar for larger than one 12 months repeatedly.
    However being based on a really powerful androgen in DHT, Anavar can include the risk of androgenic unwanted effects if you are somebody who’s already genetically predisposed to them. This means that if you have some male sample baldness later in life, Anavar might deliver this on earlier. Though Anavar is a very well-tolerated AAS – together with by female users – it still comes with the risks of unwanted effects, which can affect you in another way from the following individual as part of your response. Another Anavar stack for males is a pure slicing cycle and includes one other cutting-specialist steroid in Winstrol. Winstrol is amongst the best chopping compounds obtainable, and when mixed with Anavar, it proves to be a potent duo for final shredding. It comes with some advantages over Anavar, but in the end, your goals will be the decision maker on which to choose.
    Research means that Anavar’s anabolic results outweigh its fat-burning properties, with individuals in the same examine gaining 7 pounds of muscle. This correlates with our findings, as most users are heavier post-Anavar cycle, despite shedding notable amounts of subcutaneous fats. In conclusion, the selection between Anavar and Anadrol is dependent upon your unique health aims, tolerance to side effects, and expertise with anabolic steroids. It Is necessary to remember that the use of anabolic steroids for efficiency enhancement should solely be carried out under the supervision of a healthcare skilled. In our experience, Anavar’s effects on cholesterol are relatively delicate compared to different steroids; nonetheless, blood pressure remains to be prone to rise on-cycle. Although it’s in style amongst men, it’s much more so amongst ladies because of a lack of virilization unwanted effects. A most dose of a hundred milligrams per day, nicely tolerated by most males.
    I started with very little and always put 110% into the health club to get to where I am now. From anabolic steroids to SARMs to peptides and ancillary medication, I’ve carried out it sooner or later in my life, and I can relate. In Contrast to Dbol, Anavar provides you steadier positive aspects that won’t disappear like they typically do with Dbol. Sure, your strength gains shall be somewhat slower with Anavar, but you’re unlikely to have the severe influence on urge for food that virtually all guys get with Dbol. In short, Dbol is kind of a big shock to the system, while Anavar is the slow and steady compound that rewards these extra patiently. This is taken into account to be a really excessive dose for females, and it is most probably to result in virilization symptoms. 20mg every day is taken into account to be the utmost that women ought to take, however even this is a high dose.

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